▶︎ Anatolian languages

: Hittite language

▶︎ Hellenic languages

: Koine Greek, Greek language

▶︎ Albanian language

: Albanian language

▶︎ Armenian language

: Classical Armenian, Armenian language

▶︎ Celtic languages

Insular Celtic languages

┣ Goidelic languages

┃: Irish language, Scottish Gaelic, Manx language

┃

┗ Brittonic languages

　: Welsh language, Cornish language, Breton language

▶︎ Italic languages

Latino-Faliscan languages

┃: Latin

┃

┗ Romance languages

　┣ Italo-Western languages

　┃┣ Western Romance languages

　┃┃┣ Gallo-Romance languages

　┃┃┃┣ Langues d'oïl

　┃┃┃┃: Old French, French language, Walloon language

　┃┃┃┃

　┃┃┃┣ Gallo-Italic languages

　┃┃┃┃: Ligurian language, Emilian–Romagnol

　┃┃┃┃

　┃┃┃┗ Rhaeto-Romance languages

　┃┃┃　: Romansh language

　┃┃┃

　┃┃┣ Ibero-Romance languages

　┃┃┃┣ Castilian

　┃┃┃┃: Judaeo-Spanish, Spanish language

　┃┃┃┃

　┃┃┃┣ Asturleonese language

　┃┃┃┃: Asturian language

　┃┃┃┃

　┃┃┃┗ Galician–Portuguese

　┃┃┃　: Galician language, Portuguese language

　┃┃┃

　┃┃┗ Occitano-Romance languages

　┃┃　: Catalan language, Occitan language

　┃┃

　┃┣ Italo-Dalmatian languages

　┃┃: Italian language, Corsican language, Neapolitan language, Sicilian language

　┃┃

　┃┗ ? : Venetian language

　┃

　┗ Eastern Romance languages

　　: Aromanian language, Romanian language

▶︎ Germanic languages

East Germanic languages

: Gothic language

North Germanic languages

┗ Proto-Norse language

　┗ Old Norse

　　┣ East Scandinavian

　　┃: Danish language, Swedish language

　　┃

　　┗ West Scandinavian

　　　: Norwegian language, Faroese language, Icelandic language

West Germanic languages

┣ Anglo-Frisian languages

┃┗ Anglic languages

┃　: Old English, Middle English, English language, Scots language

┃

┣ Low German

┃┗ Low Franconian

┃　┣ Dutch language

┃　┃: Afrikaans

┃　┃

┃　┗ Flemish dialects

┃　　: West Flemish

┃

┗ High German (German language)

　┃: Old High German

　┃

　┣ Central German

　┃┣ West Central German

　┃┃: Luxembourgish

　┃┃

　┃┗ Wymysorys language

　┃

　┣ Upper German

　┃┣ Alemannic German

　┃┃: Swiss German

　┃┃

　┃┗ Bavarian language

　┃

　┗ Yiddish

▶︎ Baltic languages

West Baltic languages

: Old Prussian language

East Baltic languages

: Lithuanian language, Samogitian language, Latvian language, Latgalian language

▶︎ Slavic languages

East Slavic languages

: Old East Slavic, Ukrainian language, Rusyn language, Belarusian language, Russian language

West Slavic languages

┣ Czech–Slovak languages

┃: Czech language, Slovak language

┃

┣ Lechitic languages

┃: Polish language

┃

┗ Sorbian languages

　: Upper Sorbian language

South Slavic languages

┣ Eastern South Slavic

┃: Old Church Slavonic, Macedonian language, Bulgarian language

┃

┗ Western South Slavic

　┣ Serbo-Croatian

　┃: Bosnian language, Serbian language, Croatian language, Montenegrin language

　┃

　┗ Slovene language

▶︎ Indo-Iranian languages

Indo-Aryan languages

┣ Old Indo-Aryan

┃: Sanskrit

┃

┣ Middle Indo-Aryan languages

┃: Pali-Magadhi

┃

┣ Central Indo-Aryan languages

┃┣ Gujarati languages

┃┃: Gujarati language

┃┃

┃┣ Rajasthani languages

┃┃: Gujari language

┃┃

┃┣ Western Hindi languages

┃┃┗ Hindustani language

┃┃　: Hindi, Urdu

┃┃

┃┣ Eastern Punjabi

┃┃: Punjabi language

┃┃

┃┗ Romani language

┃

┣ Eastern Indo-Aryan languages

┃┣ Bengali–Assamese languages

┃┃: Bengali language, Chittagonian language, Rohingya language, Sylheti language

┃┃

┃┣ Bihari languages

┃┃: Bhojpuri language, Magahi language

┃┃

┃┗ Odia languages

┃　: Odia language, Sambalpuri language

┃

┣ Northern Indo-Aryan languages

┃┣ Eastern Pahari

┃┃: Nepali language

┃┃

┃┗ Western Pahari

┃　: Dogri language, Sirmauri language

┃

┣ Northwestern Indo-Aryan languages

┃┣ Lahnda (Western Punjabi)

┃┃: Saraiki language

┃┃

┃┗ Sindhi languages

┃　: Sindhi language, Memoni language

┃

┣ Southern Indo-Aryan languages

┃┣ Marathi-Konkani languages

┃┃: Marathi language, Konkani language

┃┃

┃┗ Insular Indo-Aryan

┃　: Sinhala language, Dhivehi language

┃

┗ Dardic languages

　┣ Eastern Dardic languages

　┃┣ Shina languages

　┃┃: Shina language

　┃┃

　┃┗ Kashmiri languages

　┃　: Kashmiri language

　┃

　┣ Chitrali languages

　┃: Khowar, Kalasha language

　┃

　┗ Pashayi languages

Iranian languages

┣ Western Iranian languages

┃┣ Southwestern Iranian

┃┃┣ Persian language

┃┃┃: Dari, Tajik language, Tat language

┃┃┃

┃┃┣ Luri language

┃┃┃

┃┃┗ Achomi language

┃┃

┃┗ Northwestern Iranian

┃　: Kurdish language, Dimli (Southern Zaza), Gilaki language, Balochi language

┃

┗ Eastern Iranian languages

　┣ Avestan

　┃

　┣ Scytho-Khotanese

　┃: Khotanese language

　┃

　┣ Northern

　┃: Yaghnobi language, Ossetian language

　┃

　┗ Southeastern

　　┣ Pashto

　　┃

　　┗ Pamir languages

　　　: Shughni language, Wakhi language